Cold Supply Chain and Quality Control in the Agro-Allied Sector: A Literature Review

Abstract

The study conducted a systematic literature review on cold supply chain and quality control in the agro-allied sector. The study used 158 selected papers, sourced from Scopus, Web of Science, and authoritative documents published between 2008 and 2026. The study utilised the 2020 Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) to ensure transparency and rigour in the identification, screening, and ultimately selection of relevant papers. The extracted data were analysed using thematic synthesis to derive primary trends and emerging themes. The emerging themes identified include real-time temperature monitoring, traceability, cold chain collaboration, and sustainability in cold supply chains. The study revealed that utilising advanced technology for temperature monitoring improves the quality, safety and shelf life of cold chain products. Also, the study revealed that utilising collaborative networks enables increased operational efficiency and reduces operational risks. The study concludes that there is a gradual movement away from traditional refrigeration to the use of the Internet of Things, machine learning, blockchain technology, and phase-change materials. This reflects a general trend toward digitalised and proactive quality control in the cold supply chain. The study identified gaps in the literature and suggested areas for further research on empirical evidence of cold supply chains and quality control in developing countries. The study provides practitioners and policymakers with a sound basis for improving quality control in global cold chains.